Nitrous Oxide Sedation: A Basic Review

~ Exam ~

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1. Nitrous oxide produces the following effects:
  a. analgesic
  b. anxiolytic
  c. A only
  d. A & B
2. The “discoverer of anesthesia” is considered to be:
  a. Dr. Blackwell
  b. Gardner Quincy Colton
  c. Dr. Horace Wells
  d. John Mankey Riggs
3. A standard mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen which is administered to patients to achieve comfort during dental treatment, consists of:
  a. 5% nitrous and 95% oxygen
  b. 40% to 70 % nitrous oxide gas with the remainder oxygen

  c. 70% nitrous and three liters per minute oxygen
  d. ED50 for general anesthesia

4. Contraindications for use of nitrous oxide would be patients with:
  a. treatment with bleomycin sulfate
  b. suspected B12 deficiency
  c. first trimester of pregnancy
  d. all of the above

5. Review of a patient’s medical history prior to administration of nitrous oxide should include all of the following, except:
  a. allergies or drug reactions
  b. current medications
  c. recent vaccinations
  d. diseases, disorders, and pregnancy status
6. In a dental operatory, a scavenging system is part of a ____________ evacuation system used with a dental unit.
  a. high-volume

  b. voluntary
  c. low-volume
  d. OSHA

7. Nitrous oxide machines should be checked:
  a. weekly
  b. monthly
  c. daily

  d. daily and when a cylinder is changed

8. During administration of nitrous oxide a patient should be monitored:
  a. for response to commands
  b. with a pulse oximeter to measure oxygen saturation
  c. color and respiratory rate
  d. all of the above

9. To prevent post-inhalation hypoxia, a patient is administered:

  a. oxygen and epinephrine
  b. 100% oxygen for at least 5 minutes

  c. a slow decrease of nitrous oxide, then 70% oxygen for at least 5 minutes
  d. desaturated oxygen

10. Guidelines for monitoring exposure in the workplace to nitrous oxide are provided by:
  a. the supervising dentist
  b. NIOSH and OSHA
  c. American Conference of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
  d. B and C