Decision Ethics: Following the Process

~ Exam ~

LearnWell Resources now provides real-time grading and a real-time certificate for this online course.  To take the test, click on the button corresponding to the correct answer for each question.  When you're done, click on the "Grade Test" button.

You will be asked to login (if you are a returning customer) or register (if you are a new customer) and pay $90.00 for the processing of your test and certificate. You will be given your test results instantly and you will be able to print out your certificate immediately from your browser.

You must correctly answer 42 of 51 questions. If needed, you may retake the exam. Please complete the evaluation form that will appear on your screen after passing the exam.

Your test will be graded online right away, and upon passing you will be able to immediately print out your certificate.  We would appreciate it if you could take a few minutes to complete the evaluation form that will appear on your screen after passing the exam.

Occasionally computers fail. Thus you may wish to print the exam, mark the answers on the printed copy, then transfer those answers to the computer when you're ready to submit the exam for scoring. Once the exam is completed successfully, you will no longer be able to access this course (unless you pay for the course again).

This test has 51 questions.

All questions must be answered before the test can be graded.

Already taken the test? Click here to login and retrieve your answers.
1. One of the formal moral principles is
  a. fairness
  b. autonomy
  c. consideration
  d. care
2. Another formal moral principle is
  a. order
  b. prioritu
  c. beneficence
  d. consequence
3. Current discourse regarding international nurse recruitment fails to address the issue in terms of professional ethics and values. While they address exploitation and mistreatment of nurse immigrants, ethical statements fail to consider the financial and ______ exploitation of source countries.

  a. spiritual
  b. mental
  c. emotional
  d. social
4. Nursing is sensitive to cultural diversity and community values; it is sympathetic to and can introduce an ethic of _____ and relational ethics that listen to and accommodate the needs of local people and their requirements for public health.
  a. caring
  b. service
  c. helping
  d. treatment
5. The Theory View, which aims to build an independent and comprehensive theory of nursing ethics, is found _____ because it fails to sufficiently acknowledge the heterogeneous nature of nursing practices
  a. helpful
  b. wanting
  c. useless
  d. relevant
6. Global justice, or fairness, is not an issue for some groups or institutions, but a deeper human _____ issue that is a responsibility for everyone.
  a. needs
  b. service
  c. care
  d. rights
7. An employee shall not, directly or indirectly, solicit or _____ a gift from a prohibited source
  a. use
  b. accept
  c. deal with
  d. all 3
8. An employee of the Department of Education serves without compensation on the board of directors of Kinder World, Inc., a nonprofit corporation that engages in good works. Even though her personal financial interests will not be affected, the employee _____ disqualify herself from participating in the review of a grant application submitted by Kinder World.
  a. must
  b. must not
  c. may
  d. may not
9. An employee who would otherwise be disqualified from participation in a particular matter ____ voluntarily sell or otherwise divest himself of the interest that causes the disqualification.
  a. may not
  b. may
  c. must
  d. must not
10. An employee shall use official time in a ____ effort to perform official duties.

  a. regular
  b. normal
  c. honest
  d. daily
11. An employee shall not engage in outside employment or any other outside _____ that conflicts with his official duties.
  a. activity
  b. volunteering
  c. service
  d. appointment
12. Public service is a public trust. Each employee has a responsibility to the United States Government and its citizens to place loyalty to the Constitution, laws and ethical principles above private ____.

  a. loyalty
  b. gain
  c. service
  d. work
13. "The determination of good and bad depends entirely upon the ______ of the rational process." Socrates.

  a. use
  b. intent
  c. integrity
  d. understanding
14. Every individual has _____ worth, dignity and basic human rights.

  a. special
  b. natural
  c. inherent
  d. given
15. An Advance Directive is a legal document to assure _____ health care choices.
  a. current
  b. past
  c. needed
  d. future
16. Federal law give every competent adult, ___ years or older, the right to make their own health care decisions, including the right to decide what medical care or treatment to accept, reject or discontinue
  a. 16
  b. 18
  c. 20
  d. 21
17. The four common reasons why treatment may be withheld or withdrawn are the patients own choice, an undesirable resulting quality of life, the burdens outweigh the benefits, and the treatment just prolongs ____.

  a. life
  b. dying
  c. the disease
  d. suffering
18. DNR stands for
  a. do never resusitste
  b. do not resusitate
  c. do not rest
  d. do not refresh
19. When patients are seriously ill or terminally ill, ___ may not work or may only partially work, leaving the patient brain-damaged or in a worse medical state than before the heart stopped.

  a. treatment
  b. drugs
  c. CNR
  d. CPR
20. Euthanasia is intentional causing of a painless and easy death of a patient suffering from an incurable or painful disease. It is usually the injection of a lethal dose of a medication which then causes the patient's death. The American Nursing Association Code of Nurses _____ nurses to participate in it.

  a. encourages
  b. permits
  c. lets
  d. prohibits
21. Aggression by a nation is ____; C) The targeting of weapons against civilians or hospitals during war is _____; D) Genocide (i.e., the intentional elimination of a race) is ______.

  a. discouraged
  b. prohibited
  c. encouraged
21. Aggression by a nation is ____; C) The targeting of weapons against civilians or hospitals during war is _____; D) Genocide (i.e., the intentional elimination of a race) is ______.

  a. discouraged
  b. prohibited
  c. encouraged
22. Human rights are rights to which every person is entitled because she or he is ____.

  a. human
  b. needy
  c. a citizen
  d. educated
23. The human right help to the fulfillment of basic needs. These needs may include food, shelter, health care, and ____.
  a. recreation
  b. peace
  c. education
  d. happiness
24. People care about themselves, and do not care if other people's human rights are ____.

  a. limited
  b. violated
  c. harmed
  d. abused
25. An important issue in global ethics concerns when political leaders and nations who did evil actions should be ____ by other nations.

  a. forgiven
  b. held accountable
  c. ignored
  d. highlighted
26. Political ethics deals with how to act in a political realm that has evil in it, but is a realm that allows us the opportunity to do _____ for others.
  a. nice things
  b. helpful things
  c. services
  d. good
27. One area where ethical choices and dilemmas in politics become important is during political campaigns. This is partly because a candidate may launch either positive or ____ campaigns.
  a. negative
  b. agressive
  c. accusative
  d. low-key
28. Plato (427-347 B. C.) held that the political community would be best off if average citizens did not ____ participate in politics.

  a. regularly
  b. at all
  c. actively
  d. avoid to
29. _____ argued in his major work Politics, that average citizens in a democracy should take an active role in politics.

  a. Plato
  b. Cicero
  c. Nero
  d. Aristotle
30. Citizens of 25 of the states, including California, also actually have the power to make laws for the state. The process is called citizen ____ initiatives.
  a. referendum
  b. ballot
  c. voted
  d. people's
31. Besides being voters in elections, what are other traits of good citizens?
  a. pay taxes
  b. serve on juries
  c. obey laws
  d. all 3
32. A value is something of worth that is useful or important to the _____.

  a. family
  b. possessor
  c. nation
  d. employer
33. Gaining recognition, obtaining the respect of peers, being accepted, accomplishing great things are ___ -related values.
  a. work
  b. family
  c. church
  d. service
34. "I am self-centered and unable to let others get ahead of me. I have to be in control." is a value-______
  a. mover
  b. basic
  c. barrier
  d. fact
35. "I am here at work to help our clients, fellow-workers and supervisors" may be a work ___ priority

  a. money
  b. service
  c. personal
  d. promotion
36. The word trouble comes from the Latin "trubidare," meaning ______.
  a. confused
  b. bad
  c. difficult
  d. total
37. Each person has a private life and a ____ life, an Inner Man and an Outer Man.
  a. secret
  b. normal
  c. work
  d. public
38. Men want mainly side-by-side _____-based friendships, women desire face-to-face talk-based contacts

  a. touch
  b. activity
  c. conversation
  d. food
39. Long ago, salt was used extensively to preserve and flavor food.
  a. true
  b. false
  c. not extensively
  d. salt was plentiful.
40. Humility is the opposite of ___
  a. service
  b. gentleness
  c. pride
  d. peace
41. "The absence of norms... was symptomatic of the neglect of research ethics in the decades leading to the _____"
  a. 1900s
  b. 1920s
  c. 1940s
  d. 1980s
42. In Congressional subcommittee hearings in 1981 on biomedical fraud, led by Albert Gore, Jr., it became clear that the misdeeds being discussed were broader than what was previously thought to count as fraud. Through the work of this committee and subsequent work, the definition of ____ evolved to include intentional acts of fabrication, falsification and plagiarism (FFP).

  a. conduct
  b. lies
  c. dishonesty
  d. misconduct
43. The study of ethics helps people think more clearly about professional expectations and encourages them to examine the _____ that serve as the basis for conventional behavior. The hope is that the researcher's increased consciousness of his or her role will translate into more ethical action.

  a. assumptions
  b. facts
  c. data
  d. conclusions
44. Ethical behavior requires more than simply following the ____. Ethics is the study of how human action affects other humans, sentient beings, or the ecosystem.
  a. laws
  b. patterns
  c. rules
  d. protocol
45. Fabrication is a type of research misconduct. It is legally and ethically ____. Fabrication is the act of making up data or results, then recording or reporting them as part of the research record.
  a. accepted
  b. discouraged
  c. limited
  d. prohibeied
46. ____, the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit, including those obtained through confidential review of others' research proposals and manuscripts.

  a. plagiarism
  b. stealing
  c. copying
  d. misusing
47. General Morality: The questions relating to ethics in research are a subset of the questions that relate to general morality. General _____ dictates that it is not acceptable to cause pain, death, disability, or deprive someone of freedom or pleasure without justification.

  a. ethics
  b. civil rule
  c. morality
  d. goodness
48. Ethically _____: Actions that are ethically permitted and, in addition, are intended to lessen suffering or lessen the risk of suffering harms.

  a. permitted
  b. required
  c. encouraged
  d. active
49. A _____ of a conflict exists when an employee is involved in a particular matter involving specific outside parties (including individual, corporate entities, etc) and the circumstances are such that a reasonable person with knowledge of the relevant facts would question the employee's impartiality in the matter.
  a. real
  b. appearance
  c. false
  d. technical
50. _____: It may be necessary for an employee to give up a particular conflicting financial interest  (sell, gift, or otherwise permanently give up the conflicting interest). 
  a. divestiture
  b. ethics study
  c. case ignoring
  d. conflict resolution