Traumatic Injuries in Children

~ Exam ~

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This test has 50 questions.

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1. The number of deaths in children ages one to fourteen caused by traumatic injuries is:
  a. One million
  b. 22,000 to 25,000
  c. 25 million
  d. 100,000
2. Common areas for accidents to happen to children include:
  a. The home
  b. The streets
  c. Schools

  d. All of the above
3. Choose one of the most common type of traumatic accidents in children ages six to twelve years of age:
  a. Falls down stairs

  b. Falls from monkey bars

  c. Bicycle accidents

  d. None of the above

4. Choose one of the most common types of traumatic accidents in children ages one to three:
  a. Falls down stairs

  b. Falls from monkey bars
  c. Vehicular accidents

  d. None of the above

5. Nurses can aid in the prevention of traumatic injuries in children by educating parents to the following:
  a. Insist that their children wear helmets when riding bicycles

  b. Review traffic laws with their children

  c. Supervise children even when they are busy

  d. All of the above

6. Head injuries in children are common because:
  a. In a child the head is proportionately large for the size of the child
  b. A child has poor balance
  c. The child frequently becomes a projectile with the head at the front of the projectile

  d. The bones are not well developed

7. A scale which is used to evaluate the severity of injury is called:

  a. The Patterson Index of Severity
  b. The Glascow Coma Scale
  c. The Trauma Center Scale for Traumatic Injuries
  d. Reynolds Scale of Injury
8. One of the primary causes of death in a traumatically injured child is:
  a. Heal injury
  b. Airway compromise

  c. Blood loss
  d. Internal injuries

9. When estimating blood loss in the injured child the nurse needs to monitor the following:
  a. Blood pressure
  b. Capillary refill
  c. Peripheral pulse rates
  d. All of the above

10. When administering IV on an injured child, it is important for the nurse to:
  a. Carefully calculate the IV

  b. Make sure that the output is also measured
  c. Use appropriately sized equipment
  d. All of the above

11. In a Trauma Center, the leader of the Trauma team is most often the:
  a. Anesthesiologist
  b. Radio nurse

  c. Respiratory therapist
  d. Trauma surgeon

12. When stabilizing the injured child “in the field”, one of the prime considerations of the field personnel is:
  a. Notification of parents

  b. To prevent or reverse any effects of hypoxia
  c. Prevention of exposure
  d. Arranging transportation

13. The field personnel also need to stabilize the:
  a. Cervical spine
  b. Chaos at the scene
  c. Child’s blood pressure
  d. Child’s temperature
14. The nurse in the Trauma Center will usually be assigned to do the following during a trauma resuscitation:
  a. Intubate the child
  b. Set up the ventilator

  c. Take vital signs
  d. Take the cervical spine X-rays

15. The pediatric trauma patient should always be transported:

  a. By helicopter
  b. To the nearest hospital
  c. To the designated trauma center
  d. To the hospital indicated by the parents.
16. Family members should:
  a. Be transported with the child

  b. Be allowed to see the child before transport
  c. Go with the police to the trauma center

  d. None of the above

17. Cervical spine immobilization should occur:
  a. In the Emergency Department
  b. In the Transport Vehicle

  c. At the scene
  d. In Radiology after X-rays

18. Signs of airway obstruction include:
  a. Stridor
  b. Loud, high pitched cry

  c. Tachycardia
  d. Hypovolemic shock

19. If airway obstruction is present, the nurse needs to monitor for adequate ventilation. If ventilation is not adequate, the nurse should anticipate:

  a. The initiation of a ventilator
  b. Immediate surgical intervention
  c. Opening the chest

  d. An MRI

20. After the initial interventions are implemented, the nurse will do another assessment. One of the purposes of this assessment is to:
  a. Reassure the patient

  b. Evaluate the patient’s response to the initial resuscitative efforts
  c. Determine any orthopedic injuries
  d. Review injuries with the parents

21. When a child has a Modified Glascow Coma score of less than eight, the nurse can anticipate that the patient will:

  a. Die
  b. Go to Radiology for a CAT Scan
  c. Be discharged
  d. Be transferred to another Trauma Center

22. The MRI is not usually used with an unstable patient because of the difficulty in providing:
  a. Adequate transportation
  b. Resuscitative measures if needed

  c. Adequate visualization of the patient

  d. Adequate fluids to the patient

23. One of the most common types of injuries seen in children is:
  a. Cervical spine
  b. Closed head injury
  c. Fractured ribs

  d. Penetrating abdominal injury

24. When the nurse is evaluating musculoskeletal injuries, he/she needs to report the following:
  a. Absence of pulses in the extremity
  b. Protrusion of bones
  c. Diminished capillary refill
  d. All of the above

25. A bruise with bleeding into the soft tissues is a:

  a. Strain

  b. Contusion
  c. Fracture
  d. Subluxation
26. An excessive stretching of the muscle beyond its capacity is called a:
  a. Strain
  b. Contusion
  c. Fracture
  d. Subluxation

27. An injury in the tendon or ligament around the joint is called:
  a. Sprain
  b. Contusion

  c. Fracture
  d. Subluxation

28. When a bone is partly dislocated from the joint it is described as a:
  a. Sprain

  b. Contusion
  c. Fracture

  d. Subluxation

29. When the nurse is caring for a burn patient, it is important to focus on which of the following:
  a. Fluid and heat loss

  b. Chest injuries

  c. Extremity injuries
  d. Level of consciousness

30. The functions of the skin include which of the following:
  a. Thermoregulation

  b. Fluid and electrolyte balance
  c. A protective barrier

  d. All of the above

31. The severity of a child’s burn is determined by:
  a. The amount of pain
  b. Amount of skin burned and the depth of the burn

  c. The intensity of the burn

  d. The amount of smoke inhalation

32. The definition of child abuse includes which of the following:
  a. Physical and emotional mistreatment
  b. Neglect of children
  c. Sexual abuse and/or sexual exploitation

  d. All of the above
33. The person(s) most likely to commit child abuse are:
  a. Grandparents
  b. School teachers
  c. Parents
  d. Strangers to the family

34. The tendency to be a child abuser can be:
  a. Inherited from parents

  b. Learned from parents
  c. Only documented among low income parents

  d. Only found in America

35. The possibility of child abuse should be considered when:
  a. There is a delay in seeking treatment
  b. The child names an adult as having caused the injury

  c. The explanation of the injury is not consistent

  d. All of the above

36. When a toddler is in the Intensive Care Unit, it is important that parents:
  a. Only visit at specified times so the child will adjust
  b. Be at the bedside at all times if possible

  c. Not ask questions in front of the child

  d. All of the above
37. As the Pediatric Intensive Care Nurse is assessing the child he/she needs to pay close attention to the following:
  a. Color
  b. Skin temperature

  c. Activity levels and responsiveness
  d. All of the above

38. When preschool children are in pain, they may:
  a. Become lethargic and pale

  b. Be hyperactive

  c. Be very hungry
  d. Ask lots of questions
39. When adolescents are seriously injured they will:

  a. Want all of their friends to visit

  b. Want detailed explanations of procedures
  c. Not want to see anyone
  d. Be hyperactive
40. Some ways of providing a positive growth environment for children in Intensive Care include:
  a. Sound stimulation appropriate to the age of the child

  b. Pictures of family members

  c. Favorite toys
  d. All of the above

41. If the eight month old child turns and ignores parents when they come into the Intensive Care unit the nurse should recognize that the child is in which of the following stages of separation anxiety:
  a. Protest
  b. Denial
  c. Despair
  d. Anger

42. When a loved one is injured, family members are under stress. The nurse needs to remember that persons under stress:

  a. Have a decreased ability to problem-solve

  b. May focus only upon the child, neglecting themselves
  c. Feel lost, out of control

  d. All of the above

43. Symptoms of possible pain which the nurse should be aware are;
  a. Irritability, restlessness, agitation
  b. Flaccidity of the injured part

  c. Decreases in bold pressure and heart rates
  d. All of the above

44. The child with a head injury should be periodically assessed for the following:
  a. Level of consciousness

  b. Adequate systemic perfusion
  c. Pupil size and response to light

  d. All of the above

45. When the nurse observes a seizure in the child he/she needs to:
  a. Document it

  b. Report it to the physician

  c. Provide for the safety of the child

  d. All of the above
46. Head injuries in children include the following:
  a. Pericardial tamponade an pneumothorax
  b. Epidural hematoma and concussion
  c. Subluxation and flail chest
  d. Dislocation and sprain
47. Penetrating chest injuries in a child are usually cause by;
  a. Vehicular accidents
  b. Beatings

  c. Knives or bullets
  d. None of the above

48. Traction applied to the child will be one of the following:
  a. Either pelvic or bucks traction
  b. Either skin or skeletal

  c. Continuous or passive
  d. Active or intermittent

49. Planning for rehabilitation of the child should occur:
  a. As soon as possible after the injury
  b. Three days before discharge

  c. Only as the physician directs

  d. Only if the family has sufficient income

50. When planning intensive care for children, it is important that the nurse make sure that the equipment to be used on the children is:
  a. The most recent available on the market
  b. The correct size for children
  c. Inserviced when a child in admitted

  d. Cleaned daily